Analysis Of Economic Indicators Research Articles

The Economic Consequences of Tin Mining for Rural Livelihoods and Regional Development in Jos Plateau, Nigeria

This study explores the multifaceted economic consequences of tin mining on rural livelihoods and regional development in Jos Plateau, Nigeria. Employing a mixed-methods research design, the paper combines quantitative data analysis of economic indicators with qualitative interviews from local stakeholders, including miners, community leaders, and government officials. The purpose is to provide a nuanced understanding of the economic dynamics shaped by tin mining in the region. The research reveals that tin mining has historically been a significant driver of economic activity, leading to infrastructure development and job creation. However, it has also resulted in environmental degradation, health hazards, and social tensions due to land disputes and unequal wealth distribution. Furthermore, the study examines the role of government policies and international market fluctuations in influencing the economic outcomes of tin mining. The key findings underscore the importance of implementing sustainable mining practices and developing inclusive economic policies that prioritize the welfare of rural communities and foster balanced regional development. The paper concludes with policy recommendations aimed at maximizing the positive economic impacts of tin mining while mitigating its adverse effects.

E pluribus, quaedam. Gross Domestic Product out of a Dashboard of Indicators

AbstractIs aggregate income enough to summarize well-being? We address this long-standing question by exploiting a quantitative approach that studies the relationship between gross domestic product (GDP) and a set of economic, social and environmental indicators for nine developed economies. We introduce a mathematical approach to the analysis of economic indicators. By employing dimensionality reduction and time series reconstruction techniques, we quantify the share of variability stemming from a large set of different indicators that can be compressed into a univariate index. We also evaluate how well this variability can be explained if the univariate index is assumed to be respectively the gross domestic product, national income, household income, or household spending. Our results indicate that all the four univariate measures are doomed to fail in accounting for the variability of all the domains. Even if GDP emerges as the best option among the four economic variables, its quality in synthesizing the variability of indicators belonging to other domains is poor (about 35%). Our approach provides additional support for policy makers interested in measuring the trade offs between income and other relevant social, health and ecological dimensions. Finally, our work adds new quantitative evidence to the vast literature criticizing the usage of GDP as a measure of well-being.

The correlation between economic diversification and sustainable development of the Russian regions

      Diversity of economic activities and their diversification determine the key factors of sustainable development of the Russian regions.    The relevance of this study lies in the search of connection between the present economic process and such parameters of sustainable development as social well-being, economic and environmental stability.   The research is based on examination of data of the Federal State Statistics Service, its publications, and other scien tific sources. The methodology includes a comprehensive analysis of economic indicators of diversification and their correlation with the three indices described above. The presented results demonstrate a direct connection between the level of economic diversification in the regions and their sustainable development. It is shown that regions with a more varied economic structure have higher indicators in the field of social stability, economic growth, and environmental safety. The authors determine that diversification as a whole does not depend on the production orientation or the traditional industrial equipment of a region. It is identified that innovative practices may be implemented in almost all subjects in case if a number of administrative barriers will be overcome. It is revealed that the level of sustainability of regional development directly depends on the degree of diversification of economic processes.

Macroeconomic trends: a brief statistical analysis of economic indicators for Ecuadorian credit unions

The purpose of this article is to evaluate the financial relevance of the economic sector in the profitability of credit unions. Information from the financial statements of 105 credit unions out of a total of 451 credit unions registered as of 2022 in Ecuador was used. The methodology used involved descriptive and inferential statistical analysis. Normality tests and the Kruskal-Wallis hypothesis test were performed to determine statistical significance in relation to profitability. The results of the descriptive analysis indicated that the financial indicators, such as liquidity, portfolio turnover, indebtedness, and profitability, were favorable for the cooperatives. In the inferential analysis, the profitability indicators complied with the assumptions of normality. In addition, it was found that there were no significant differences between these indicators in relation to the economic sectors. In conclusion, the inferential analysis revealed that financial profitability, which is linked to the investments made, is similar among credit unions, regardless of the economic sector to which they belong.

METHODS OF ASSESSING THE LEVEL OF APPLICATION OF INTELLECTUAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE COUNTRY’S ECONOMY

The article systematizes methods for assessing the level of application of intelligent technologies in the country’s economy, which is an important task that allows determining the degree of use of innovative solutions in the business sphere and increasing the country’s competitiveness in the global world. The classification of indicators for the assessment of intellectual potential has been carried out. Various evaluation methods are considered, including analysis of economic indicators, surveys of business and population, measurement of the relative importance of markets and the amount of investments in the development of intelligent technologies. International ratings that evaluate human capital have been determined. The basic levels of assessment of intellectual potential are considered. The positive aspects of the application of intelligent technologies in the creation of new markets and business models, which are able to ensure the growth of the economy and the development of society as a whole, have been established. The main purposes and tasks of intelligent technologies are defined, which is characterized by understanding the state of the economy and determining the strategy of its development. Scientific works on the assessment of the level of application of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) in the economy and the use of methods for measuring the impact of AI and ML on productivity, reducing costs and improving the quality of work in business have been studied. It is emphasized that the assessment of the level of application of intelligent technologies in the country’s economy is a complex process that requires the involvement of a large amount of various data and its analysis using modern methods of information technology, however, with a thorough assessment, it allows to identify the weak points of the economy and provide recommendations for their improvements, which helps increase the efficiency of the intelligent technologies and ensures the economic growth of the country, reducing costs and improving the quality of business operations.

Towards a Sustainable Net-Zero Future: Energy and Economic Transition Amid Global Warming

As global temperatures continue to rise, there is an alarming increase in the severity and frequency of extreme climate hazards. The United Nations, responding to these dire changes, has advocated for a target of net-zero carbon emissions, a strategy aimed at pursuing efforts “to limit the temperature increase to 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels” (The Paris Agreement) and mitigating the devastating effects of global warming. This research delves into economic implications of these targets, leveraging comprehensive data that encompass carbon emissions, temperature, renewable energy, and vital economic indicators. Utilizing the RCP scenarios, we provide a nuanced projection of future climate under varying socio-economic and radiative conditions. The analysis of economic indicators can help predict the overall level and change trend of carbon emissions more reasonably, which can provide important decision-making support for the government to formulate environmental protection policies and enterprises to carry out carbon emission reduction work. At the same time, economic indicators can also help assess the changes in the carbon trading market, and play an important guiding role for enterprises and investors to conduct carbon emissions trading. Our findings underscore the intricate relationship between stringent carbon management practices and their potential economic ramifications, which include both the promise of increased market value for businesses and bolstered resilience against climate-induced threats. Bridging historical observations with future-orientated projections, this study serves as a beacon for policymakers and stakeholders alike. It emphasizes the critical need to advance sustainable development within a net-zero carbon framework, ensuring a comprehensive strategy for global warming adaptation and mitigation.

Promotional tactics of Polish fashion brands in social media on the example of Vesna and Marie Zélie

This article aims to examine the social media strategies employed by select Polish niche clothing brands, identifying which approaches are more effective and the factors influencing this effectiveness. Research methods: The study utilizes media content analysis and economic indicator analysis to explore the portrayal of these brands in media. Specifically, it compares the Facebook and Instagram profiles of two Polish fashion companies, Vesna and Marie Zélie. Additionally, the research incorporates netnography to analyze online consumer behavior. Results and conclusions: Facebook and Instagram emerge as primary online marketing platforms for the examined fashion brands, used for product showcasing and audience engagement. These companies initiate engagement through questions in posts and maintain dialogue by responding to comments. A comparative analysis of Vesna and Marie Zélie’s post nature and frequency indicates a more successful social media promotion strategy by Marie Zélie. Cognitive value: This article sheds light on contemporary strategies for social media promotion among companies. It uniquely analyzes the promotional tactics of niche fashion brands Marie Zélie and Vesna in social media, providing a comparative study of a successful and a less successful strategy. This comparison could guide other actors in formulating their social media advertising strategies.

Economic aspects of project decision-makingat the stage of designing the utility network

The efficiency of the economic functioning of any facility largely depends on the ability of managers of various levels to carefully prepare and justify the decisions made. The conditions of the market (competitive) economy put forward serious. In solving the problem of increasing the economic efficiency of the construction of engineering networks, a special place belongs to design, in the field of which scientific and technical achievements are implemented, which determine the technical and economic level of construction. The article examines the theoretical and methodological principles of designing engineering networks, which are aimed at improving the procedural and instrumental basis for making project decisions and justifying measures to optimize the management of engineering networks in the conditions of dynamic changes in construction projects requirements for the quality, timeliness, completeness, reliability of economic information, depth of analysis of economic indicators. The interaction of the construction of new utility networks and the economy is very important for the fulfillment of the tasks of the economic strategy, which are related to capital construction. Current problems of creating a modern design automation system (CAD) of engineering networks are considered in order to ensure the effective use of the resources of the target product, which, even at the design stage, allows to take into account the possibility of expanding or reconstructing the system in case of the addition of new consumers of the target product. network The paper proposes a new approach to the design of modern systems of automated design, which allows the use of CAD to solve the problems of external and internal design of network systems. The tasks that are solved at the stages of external and internal design are formulated and specified. The key task of external design is to find out the fundamental possibility of creating a network according to the desired properties that satisfy the imposed restrictions. Internal design includes the synthesis and analysis of the network being designed. It is shown that the CAD of engineering networks can be represented as a set of methodological, informational, software, technical and organizational support, and a general diagram of the interconnection of CAD tools at the stages of engineering network design and operation has been developed and researched.

China's Infrastructure for Resources Model: Case Studies of Bolivia and Argentina

China’s Infrastructure-for-Resources (IFR) model is a framework for capital allocation in African infrastructure whereby the loans used to finance projects are repaid through natural resources. The model is designed to combat the resource curse, which is a situation in which a resource-rich country underperforms economically having valuable resources. China has used the IFR model to finance projects throughout Africa, but never in other countries or regions. This research combats this gap by identifying the feasibility of an expansion of the IFR model to Bolivia and Argentina, following the research goal of identifying how much Bolivia and Argentina would benefit from China’s IFR model of foreign direct investment. Case study analysis of Bolivia and Argentina was conducted, including quantitative analysis of economic indicators and qualitative analysis of the country’s geopolitical environment. The model was demonstrated to be minimally beneficial at combating the resource curse in Argentina because while it would provide a much-needed inflation-free alternative to traditional forms of investment, the model would not affect most aspects of the resource curse. In Bolivia, the model was demonstrated to be sufficiently beneficial because of Bolivia’s widespread corruption, which the model combats by transferring the funds to the construction company rather than the corrupt government. For this reason, China should consider expanding the model to Bolivia, and potentially to other countries with similar economic conditions. Looking forward, this research highlights a potential expansion of the IFR model and the possibility for the expansion of models of foreign direct investment in general.

Analysis of Economic Indicators in Zhanjiang City during Epidemic Period Based on Remote Sensing Light Index

GDP (Gross Domestic Product) reflects the economic power and market scale of a city, offering an important reference for political decision-making and national development. The luminous remote sensing plays an important role in exploring the city economic development, analyzing and forecasting urban GDP. The luminous remote sensing is a new method to evaluate and display macro issues of economic and social development. This article analyzes the correlation between the lighting index and the economic index GDP, and constructs the best linear regression model of the economic index of Zhanjiang, considering the impact of the Covid-19. Based on the regression slope of night light intensity before and after the Covid-19, this article analyzes the economic trend of Zhanjiang during the epidemic period. The results show that there is a significant linear correlation between the night light index and the socio-economic index, and the regression slope of the light can reflect the short-term economic trend and evaluate the city-level economic indicators well.

ТРЕНДЫ РАЗВИТИЯ ТУРИЗМА В РОССИИ В УСЛОВИЯХ НЕСТАБИЛЬНОСТИ И САНКЦИЙ

The idea of a global world with free movement of people, goods and capital around the world is being revised not only by unorthodox economists, but also by adherents of liberal concepts. The tourism sector is no exception: entire countries are closing their borders, direct fl ights between them are canceled, security threats are increasing, and the geopolitical situation is changing dramatically. The purpose of this work is to analyze the trends in the development of tourism in Russia in the new reality, to analyze the dynamics of the development of individual sub–sectors of this sector, which in the future will allow the authors to develop recommendations for the development of institutional measures to support domestic tourism. The results of the presented work are the identifi ed trends in the development of tourism at the present stage and the analysis of economic indicators of the tourism sector of Russia in 2017–2021. The paper also highlights the main trends in the development of tourism in the Chelyabinsk region. In Russia, there is an active reorientation of tourism to the domestic, new regions are emerging — leaders in tourism. The volume of hotel services and other means of collective accommodation is increasing. Inbound tourism is signifi cantly reduced. The volume of tourist services provided has increased compared to the pandemic indicators. A study of the economic indicators of travel agencies and tour operators showed that there is an active investment, despite the decline in fi nancial indicators, companies see signifi cant prospects for long-term development of the industry due to internal potential. Travel agencies in general demonstrate an increase in fi nancial indicators, actively increase investments with the support of the state. Many regions, including the Chelyabinsk Region, demonstrate signifi cant progress in the development of domestic tourism, off ering new tourist routes and products. When conducting the study, the authors used data from open sources in the sectoral and regional context, in particular, the FiraPro information and statistical database, Rosstat data. Methods of statistical analysis, graphical interpretation of data, methods of analysis and synthesis were used in the study.

EVALUATION OF STATE INVESTMENT-INNOVATION POLICY IN MODERN CONDITIONS

The purpose of the research - the research aims to assess the effectiveness of the state's investment-innovation policy in modern conditions, examining its impact on economic development and technological advancement. The methodology of the research - employing a mixed-methods approach, the study combines quantitative analysis of economic indicators with qualitative insights gathered through interviews, surveys, and case studies to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the policy's implementation and outcomes. The practical importance of the research - the findings of this research hold practical implications for policymakers, offering valuable insights into the strengths, weaknesses, and potential adjustments needed in investment-innovation policies to foster sustainable economic growth. The results of the research - the research reveals nuanced insights into the policy's impact on GDP growth, employment and technological advancements, providing a holistic understanding of its effectiveness in navigating modern economic complexities. The originality and scientific novelty of the research - this study contributes original perspectives by incorporating hypothetical case studies and a multifaceted analysis of stakeholder perspectives, enhancing the depth and richness of the research. The research innovates by integrating quantitative and qualitative methodologies, emphasizing the importance of ongoing evaluation, and promoting a collaborative approach to policymaking based on real-world stakeholder experiences.

Role of the Silk Road Economic Belt in Achieving Sustainable Economic Growth in Central Asia

Objective: The study aims to confirm the People's Republic of China's Silk Road Economic Belt initiative as a sustainable development strategy for Central Asian countries, in particular Kazakhstan. The article aims to determine how participation in the Silk Road Economic Belt can help these countries ensure sustainable economic growth, focusing on factors such as GDP per capita and GDP growth rate.   Methods: The main research method is the comparative method, which allows the use of comparative descriptive analysis to justify the prospects of participation of Central Asian countries in the Silk Road Economic Belt project. Statistical analysis and the index method are used to quantitatively demonstrate the volatility of economic dynamics.   Results: Statistical data analysis reveals the volatility of economic growth in Kazakhstan, which confirms the need for the country to participate in the Silk Road Economic Belt. The analysis of economic indicators of other Central Asian countries shows that GDP per capita and GDP growth rates are lower compared to Kazakhstan, suggesting that participation in the Silk Road Economic Belt gives these countries strategic advantages as well, particularly in the implementation of joint transport and logistics projects.   Conclusion: In light of the Sustainable Development Goals, the Silk Road Economic Belt project offers potential benefits to Central Asian countries, especially in areas such as transportation and logistics, and emphasizes the importance of global cooperation and strategic partnerships in achieving economic sustainability.

Methodological approach to conducting a comparative analysis of economic systems at various stages of historical development

Comparative studies of economic systems have been gaining popularity in recent years. The existing methodology for comparing quantitative indicators of the functioning of the economies of different countries has a number of limitations. The presented article discusses methods for comparing the purchasing power of monetary units of the economies of different countries, and also analyzes the possibility of using them to carry out a comparative analysis of economic indicators and indicators of the development of industries in the USSR and modern Russia in order to develop proposals for improving the state economic and industrial policy. The analysis of methods of comparing the purchasing power of monetary units made it possible to substantiate the choice of approaches for comparing production, technological and financial and economic indicators of the development of industries in the USSR and the Russian Federation. Based on the selected approaches of comparing monetary units, the conversion coefficients for various historical periods were calculated: the USSR (from 1940 to 1990) and the Russian Federation (from 2000 to 2020).

Формирование стратегических приоритетов развития старопромышленных регионов Юга России

In the conditions of turbulence of the world economy, the formation of regional strategic priorities that contribute to ensuring sustainable economic growth and improvement of life standard of the population plays a special role in the sustainability of the country’s development. The existing stratification of regions determines the need to study the features of the development of such a category as the “old industrial region.” The aim of the study is to form strategic priorities that contribute to regional development of territories with predominant industrial production located in the south of the country. The methodology of the study includes statistical analysis of individual social and economic indicators of the situation of old industrial regions of the South of Russia in dynamics. The methods of retrospective, factorial, comparative, economic-statistical, and situational analyses were applied. As a result of the conducted research, the definition of the term “old industrial region” is given, which allows to present the specifics of this territorial unit. The paper analyses a number of key economic indicators of the Astrakhan, Volgograd, and Rostov regions, which allows to assess the state of the region and the potential of its innovative development. The authors draw conclusion that, despite the common initial characteristics of old industrial regions of the South that appeared after the collapse of the Soviet Union, each of them, having a heterogeneous resource base, needs an individual approach when choosing strategic development priorities based on a detailed analysis of economic indicators as well as their potential. Old industrial regions can move along three different development trajectories: modernization of existing industries with the introduction of innovations; development of new areas of industrial production; orientation to the post-industrial type of economic development with an emphasis on the service sector. At the same time, such regions need attention and involvement from the state, but in different degrees and forms.

The Influence of Economic Indicators of the Country on Youth International Migration: a Comparative Analysis

Human capital represented by young people is becoming an important potential for the country’s development . To reduce young people’s migration flows , it is necessary to know what influences their decision to leave the country . The purpose of this work is to study economic factors of youth migration globally through the literature review and to conduct a comparative analysis of economic indicators between the member-states of the Eurasian Economic Community. The methodology is based on the most similar and the most diverse systems , which are widely used in comparative studies . Accordingly , a small number of cases were selected based on similar models used . An analysis of similarities and identified differences between countries was carried out . The study included three stages : literature review , indicators selection and comparative analysis . Comparative analysis was based on four indicators , such as public spending on R&D, the total number of emigrants , the share of remittances in GDP and the unemployment rate . The data was collected from open sources . According to the literature review , investment in R&D was found to have a strong influence on the decision of emigrants , especially young people , to migrate . The analysis showed strong similarities between Armenia , Kyrgyzstan and Belarus regarding unemployment and educational indicators . The results for Russia and Kazakhstan confirmed the assumption of utility theory , according to which young people usually leave for the sake of better educational programs . The results of this study can be used to improve and adjust the youth and migration state policy , which may reduce the migration of young people abroad .

Study on thermodynamic system characteristics of thermoelectric units under variable operating conditions

The variable working condition of thermal system refers to that the working condition in the system changes, deviates from the design working condition or deviates from a certain reference working condition. There are various reasons for the change of thermal system’s off design condition, including the change of unit heat load, the change of thermal system and equipment, and the change of steam parameters and reheat parameters. The purpose of variable condition calculation of thermodynamic system is to determine the steam parameters of each extraction port and exhaust end of the turbine and the corresponding parameters of the regenerative system. Its essence is to determine the new expansion process line and system parameters of the turbine. This is the basis for the safety and reliability analysis of the system under off design conditions and the calculation and analysis of economic indicators. Through the research on the electrothermal coupling characteristics of thermoelectric units under variable operating conditions, it can provide data support for the power grid dispatching department to master the electrical output characteristics of thermoelectric units in heating seasons.

Analiza ekonomskih pokazatelja i primena kvantitativnih metoda u planiranju setve

The choice of agricultural crops for sowing and the planning of yields and economic results is realized in conditions of uncertainty and risk. The factors that contribute most to the uncertainty in achieving yields in agricultural production can be quantified using the method of fuzzyfication. The method based on the unique assessment of criteria represents an innovative approach to solving uncertainty in agricultural production. A key feature of this method is its ability to treat criteria as fuzzy scores and to allow their aggregation to make a final yield planning decision. In the paper, 15 main criteria were chosen that influence the planning of yield when sowing sage, nettle and rye. Based on economic indicators, the economic analysis does not numerically describe the impact of uncertainty, which in agricultural production can have an inestimable importance on realized yields and incomes. The method used is a suitable tool for analysis and planning in agriculture, it enables effective treatment of uncertainty and competing criteria, providing farmers with a reliable basis for making decisions about yield planning.

ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОЕ РАЙОНИРОВАНИЕ

This article provides a theoretical analysis of the importance of economic zoning in the Russian Federation at the federal and regional levels. The article emphasizes that administrative-territorial division plays a key role in the analysis of economic indicators and in the development of strategic development. At the federal level, there are eight federal districts, each of which defines several subjects of the Russian Federation. At the regional level, programs and measures are being implemented to support and stimulate the economic development of different regions. It is considered that economic zoning is aimed at achieving sustainable and balanced development of the regions as a whole, improving the quality of life of the population and attracting investment.

Impact of the profile of public-private partnership projects on the economic potential of Central Asian countries

The object of this study were projects based on public-private partnership. The results of the state of public-private partnership projects in various sectors of the economy of the Central Asian countries and the assessment of the prospects for their development are presented. The study uses a comparative public-private partnership project and a forecast analysis of the economic performance of the economies of the Central Asian countries. A comparative analysis revealed the predominant areas of public-private partnership projects. The Republic of Kazakhstan is ahead of other Central Asian countries in the implementation of public-private partnership projects with a total cost of USD 2. 863 billion. There are 136 projects in the Republic of Uzbekistan, dominated by the sphere of housing and communal services (collection, removal, sorting, and processing of solid household waste) and the field of culture and sports. There are three agricultural projects in the Kyrgyz Republic. In the Republic of Tajikistan, 32 projects are being developed, mainly aimed at the development of transport infrastructure. Turkmenistan is implementing two projects related to transport infrastructure and manufacturing. Forecast analysis of economic indicators of countries makes it possible to identify the prerequisites for the use of market mechanisms to improve the agriculture of countries and the prospects for development from implementation for the agro-industrial complex of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The most important task of the strategic development of countries with commodity economies is to increase food security. The creation of favorable conditions for the development of economic relations between the state and the private sector is inextricably linked with the need to provide state support measures and legal regulation